2016年衛(wèi)生類職稱英語(yǔ)備考基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法6

相互代詞：表示相互關(guān)系的詞叫相互代詞。

each other ,one another是相互代詞,譯成“互相”,可以通用。each other表示兩者之間,而one anther表示許多人之間。它們有所有格形式each other’s ,one another’s。如： We must help each other when we are in trouble.(我們身處困境時(shí)要互相幫助。) / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他們坐在那兒,互相都不說(shuō)話。)

疑問(wèn)代詞：用來(lái)提出問(wèn)題的代詞稱為疑問(wèn)代詞。

1.who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中,一般放在句首�？谡Z(yǔ)中也常用who代替whom作賓語(yǔ),但在介詞后則只能用whom。如：

Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?(你都邀請(qǐng)了誰(shuí)參加你的生日聚會(huì)的？) / What does she want to be when she grows up?(她長(zhǎng)大了想干什么？)

2.who 和whom只能獨(dú)立使用,其中who可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),whom只能作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)；而what、which、whose等既可以獨(dú)立使用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),也可以與名詞構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)。如： Who is that man?(那男的是誰(shuí)？) / What colour are their hats?(他們的帽子是什么顏色？) / Which car was made in Germany?(哪輛車是德國(guó)造的？)(被動(dòng)句)

注意這個(gè)提問(wèn)：The man in the car is my father.(車?yán)锏哪腥耸俏腋赣H)

→Which man is your father?(哪個(gè)男人是你的父親？)

3.which除了可以詢問(wèn)指代的情況之外,還可以針對(duì)說(shuō)明人物的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、歲數(shù)、顏色、大小、狀況等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如：People there live a very sad life.(那里的人生活凄慘) →Which people live a sad life? (哪些人生活凄慘？)/ --Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?(為了度假你預(yù)訂了哪家旅館？)—The biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅館)

4.疑問(wèn)代詞不分單復(fù)數(shù),視它所替代的人或事物決定單復(fù)數(shù),但是通常用單數(shù)；如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。如：Who is (are) in that playhouse?(誰(shuí)在游戲房里？) / What is that? (那是什么？)/ What are those? (那些是什么？) / What colours do they have?(它們有哪些顏色？)