China Seeks Donors to Narrow Bone Marrow Gap

　　1. China has launched a campaign to recruit more bone marrow donors, amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who could help the growing number of patients in need of life-saving transplants, state media reported on Monday.

　　2.The Chinese Red Cross1began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukaemia, thalassaemia and other blood diseases and awaiting bone marrow transplants, the official China Daily said. Every year China has 40,000 new leukaemia patients, most of them under 35 and 50 percent of them children,2the newspaper said. Other reports have linked China’s growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration3.

　　3.With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China’s one-child policy,doctors rely on4donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia patients, the Beijing Evening Newssaid last weekend. Taiwan, with a population of 22 million, has 210,000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30,000 donors among mainland China’s 1.3 billion people5, the newspaper said.

　　4.Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers, the newspaper said. China needs a pool of at least 100,000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan, it said.

　　5.The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation6said it has helped "a handful" of patients in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities. "The number of requests is increasing" from mainland China, including direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives, said the foundation’s donor coordinator Marven Chin. But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundation’s 40,000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borneby the patients, and many of them have to be aided financially, Chin said.

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.Paragraph 2 __________

　　2.Paragraph 3 __________

　　3.Paragraph 4 __________

　　4.Paragraph 5 __________

　　A Urgent Need for Both Donors and Funds

　　B Shortage of Donors

　　C Desperate Leukaemia Patients

　　D Seriouness of the Current Situation

　　E Shortage of Funds

　　F Comparison Between Mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan

　　5.It seems that many of the recipients are not enough __________.

　　6.At present the number of bone marrow donors in mainland China is__________.

　　7.Some solvents and building materials are considered __________.

　　8.Obviously , recruiting voluntary bone marrow donors in mainland China is__________.

　　A about one percent of the total population

　　B to be responsible for childhood leukaemia

　　C an urgent and tough task to be accomplished

　　D less than one third of the minimunl

　　E an expensive cost to be paid

　　F to afford the cost of bone marrow transplantation

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D　第二段講到了目前中國(guó)內(nèi)地有約400萬(wàn)各種需要骨髓移植的病人，而且每年還增加4萬(wàn)白血病患者，故情況非常嚴(yán)重。

　　2.B　第三段講到由于中國(guó)內(nèi)地實(shí)行獨(dú)生子女政策，故缺少同胞來(lái)捐獻(xiàn)骨髓，而骨髓庫(kù)在中國(guó)內(nèi)地13億人口中只登記了不足3萬(wàn)名志愿者，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于臺(tái)灣2,200萬(wàn)人口中的21萬(wàn)名,故中國(guó)內(nèi)地的志愿者奇缺。

　　3.E　第四段提到缺少志愿者實(shí)質(zhì)上是缺少對(duì)可能作為志愿者的人進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)及建立資料庫(kù)的費(fèi)用，此費(fèi)用約需5,000萬(wàn)元人民幣。

　　4.A　在最后一段，香港骨髓匹配基金會(huì)講到內(nèi)地的需求越來(lái)越多，即使從香港4萬(wàn)名志愿者中尋求幫助，許多接受捐獻(xiàn)的人也很難承受這種費(fèi)用，需要給予資助，故實(shí)際上仍是迫切需要志愿者和資金。

　　5.F　本題的答案在文章最后一句，其中說(shuō)到許多接受捐獻(xiàn)者需要資助。

　　6.D　第三段說(shuō)中國(guó)內(nèi)地13億人口中只有不足3萬(wàn)名志愿者，第四段又說(shuō)內(nèi)地最少需要10萬(wàn)名志愿者，故不足最低數(shù)量的三分之一。

　　7.B　第二段最后一句說(shuō)，其他報(bào)道則認(rèn)為，兒童白血病人的增加與室內(nèi)裝修所使用的溶劑及建材有關(guān),故B為答案。注意:responsible for在醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中常指“是(某病)……的原因”。

　　8.C　本題答案是在通讀全文以后得出的結(jié)論，因?yàn)椴∪颂�多，志愿者缺口又太大，還需要花很多錢，很多病人又負(fù)擔(dān)不起費(fèi)用，因此這是一個(gè)既迫切又艱巨的任務(wù)。