2016年衛(wèi)生類職稱英語(yǔ)備考基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法12
有關(guān)形容詞的用法辨析:
(1)whole與all:記住兩個(gè)詞序:① the whole + 名詞;②all (of)the + 名詞。如:He was busy the whole morning.(整個(gè)早晨他都很忙)/He can remember all the words he learns.(他能記住學(xué)過的所有單詞)
(2)tall與high,short與low:指人的個(gè)子時(shí)用tall與short;指其他事物時(shí)一般用high與low.如:He's very tall/short.(他個(gè)子高/矮)/Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的兩側(cè)有高大的樹木)/A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
(3)real與true:real一般指東西的真假,譯為“真的”;而true則指事情或消息的可靠性,譯為“真實(shí)的”。如:This is a real diamond(鉆石)and it's very expensive.(這是貨真價(jià)實(shí)的鉆石,非常貴)/——Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真實(shí)嗎? 是的,我親耳所聽)
(4)interested與interesting的區(qū)別:interesting指人或東西“有趣的”,作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),而interested則表示人對(duì)別的事物“感興趣的”,只能作表語(yǔ)。如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (這個(gè)人很有趣,孩子們都喜歡他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(這本書很有趣,你會(huì)真正獲得享受)/I am interested in science.(我對(duì)自然科學(xué)感興趣)
(5)such用法:such + a(n)+ 名詞(單數(shù))(+that從句)如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的)boy.(我從來沒有見過這么蠢的男孩)/ He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了這么可怕的事故,他永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記)
(6)good與well:表示“好”時(shí),作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)用good,作狀語(yǔ)用well;表示“(身體)好”時(shí)用well.如:Doing sports is good for us.(進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我們有益)/ Study well and make progress every day.(好好學(xué)習(xí),天天向上)/ ——How are you?—I am very well.(你好嗎?我很好。)
(7)nice與fine:的區(qū)別:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指東西、人物外表等;fine一般指身體或天氣好。如:Let's go and share(分享)the nice cake.(我們?nèi)シ窒砟菈K美味的蛋糕吧)/ She is a nice girl.(他是個(gè)漂亮的姑娘)/ What a fine day!(多好的天氣!)/He’s fine recently(最近)(近來他身體不錯(cuò))
(8)too much與much too:too much表示“太多的”,修飾事物數(shù)量;much too表示“太過,過分”,修飾形容詞或副詞。如:I am full because I have had too much rice.(我飽了,因?yàn)槲页粤颂嗟拿罪垼? That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太貴了)
(9)quick、fast與soon:quick與fast基本同義,quick往往指反應(yīng)速度快,fast往往指運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快,而soon則表示時(shí)間上很快即將發(fā)生。如:After a quick breakfast,he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃過早飯,他朝學(xué)校趕去,卻把書包忘記在家)/ A train is much faster than a bus.(火車比公共汽車快得多)/ His father will be back to China very soon.(他父親很快就要返回中國(guó))
(10)lonely與alone:lonely是表示心理活動(dòng)的形容詞,意思是:“孤獨(dú)的,寂寞的”,作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ);alone的意思是:“獨(dú)自的,單獨(dú)的”,指無人陪伴,僅作表語(yǔ),(作為副詞的alone可作狀語(yǔ))如:He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.(他一人獨(dú)住,但是并不感到孤獨(dú))/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.(他是個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人,你要和他相處好實(shí)在不易)
(11)other與else的區(qū)別:兩個(gè)詞都可以作形容詞,但是用法不同,other放在名詞前;else修飾不定代詞、疑問詞、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否則”,是連詞。如:The other students are on the playground.(其他學(xué)生在操場(chǎng)上)/ Who else can work out this maths problem?(還有誰(shuí)能解出著道數(shù)學(xué)題?)/ This is nobody else's money. It’s mine.(這不是別的什么人的錢,是我的。)/ Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你還有什么要為自己說的嗎?
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